What is an Indictment in the US Justice System?
Indictment Defined
Definition of Indictment
An indictment is a formal charge issued by a grand jury in the United States. It signifies that the grand jury has found probable cause to believe that the defendant committed a crime.
Purpose of an Indictment
An indictment serves as the basis for the criminal trial. It outlines the charges against the defendant and provides a detailed description of the alleged offense(s).
Role of the Grand Jury
Grand Jury Process
A grand jury is a group of citizens randomly selected to hear evidence presented by the prosecution. The grand jury determines whether there is sufficient evidence to indict (charge) the defendant with a crime.
Decision to Indict
If the grand jury believes there is probable cause to believe the defendant committed a crime, they will issue an indictment. This decision is based on the evidence presented by the prosecution and does not require proof beyond a reasonable doubt.
Consequences of an Indictment
Formal Charging Document
An indictment is the formal written document that charges a person or entity with one or more crimes. It serves as the foundation for subsequent legal proceedings, including the trial.
Notification of Charges
Once indicted, the defendant is informed of the charges against them. The indictment provides the defendant with specific details about the alleged offense(s).
Difference Between Indictment and Trial
Indictment vs. Trial
An indictment is the formal charge issued by the grand jury. A trial, on the other hand, is the process of determining the defendant's guilt or innocence. The trial jury, a separate group of citizens, determines the guilt or non-guilt of the defendant.
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